當不銹鋼管浮銹較厚，首先用錘子等敲擊手動工具除掉鋼管表面上的厚銹，使銹層脫落。然后使用鋼絲刷、鋼砂布或鏟刀等手工工具刮或磨，除掉表面上所有銹蝕層，待露出金屬本色后再用棉紗拉、刷干凈。


  動力工具為由動力驅動的(de)旋(xuan)轉方式或沖擊式除銹工具，如可以使(shi)用圓盤狀的(de)鋼(gang)絲刷。鋼(gang)絲刷通過軟(ruan)軸有(you)電動機驅動。如圖 2-1所示，鋼(gang)絲刷的(de)直徑(jing)(jing)根(gen)據不(bu)同(tong)的(de)清(qing)洗管徑(jing)(jing)而(er)更換(huan)，清(qing)洗管段可長達12米。


圖 1.jpg


  圖 2-2 所示(shi)為離(li)心(xin)式鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)除(chu)銹機(ji)(ji)，可同時清除(chu)不(bu)銹鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)內外壁的(de)氧化皮或疏松的(de)銹。該(gai)機(ji)(ji)是利用離(li)心(xin)力的(de)原理(li)制成的(de)。主要機(ji)(ji)件有(you)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)小車、砂(sha)輪機(ji)(ji)架、傳動機(ji)(ji)構及手動卷楊機(ji)(ji)等(deng)。


圖 2.jpg


   除銹(xiu)不銹(xiu)鋼管(guan)用(yong)(yong)吊車安放在(zai)鋼管(guan)小(xiao)車上(shang)，在(zai)小(xiao)車的尾部用(yong)(yong)鋼絲(si)(si)繩直接(jie)通過(guo)輕便(bian)鐵(tie)軌上(shang)的導向滑輪與(yu)手動(dong)卷(juan)楊機(ji)相連。小(xiao)車上(shang)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)1.7KW電動(dong)機(ji)，經減速器(qi)用(yong)(yong)鏈條(tiao)帶動(dong)托輥使(shi)管(guan)子轉動(dong)，轉速為15～20r/mm。在(zai)臥裝(zhuang)(zhuang)砂(sha)輪機(ji)圓(yuan)盤(pan)鋼絲(si)(si)刷(shua)的摩擦作用(yong)(yong)下，去除鋼管(guan)外壁(bi)的銹(xiu)蝕。臥裝(zhuang)(zhuang)砂(sha)輪和圓(yuan)盤(pan)鋼絲(si)(si)刷(shua)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)在(zai)砂(sha)輪機(ji)架上(shang)。


  當電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機轉動(dong)(dong)時，通過十(shi)字接頭帶動(dong)(dong)主(zhu)傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)軸，主(zhu)傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)軸通過 2~3 副滾(gun)珠(zhu)軸承，支撐在(zai)套(tao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)里，套(tao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)支撐在(zai)裝(zhuang)有托(tuo)輥的(de)活動(dong)(dong)小(xiao)車(che)上，主(zhu)傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)軸的(de)端部(bu)兩塊(kuai)鋼絲刷(shua)緊(jin)密的(de)接觸(chu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)壁(bi)(bi)，摩擦管(guan)(guan)(guan)壁(bi)(bi)鐵銹，同時壓(ya)縮(suo)空氣管(guan)(guan)(guan)將除(chu)下的(de)氧化鐵銹隨時吹出管(guan)(guan)(guan)外(wai)。整個管(guan)(guan)(guan)子的(de)移動(dong)(dong)，進(jin)或退，是(shi)以 800~1000 mm/min的(de)速度推動(dong)(dong)鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)小(xiao)車(che)在(zai)輪軌上行駛來實現的(de)。


  操(cao)作時(shi)(shi)，兩手搖卷揚機(ji)，使(shi)鋼管(guan)(guan)小(xiao)車移到管(guan)(guan)端，進入主傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)軸(zhou)鋼絲(si)刷的(de)同(tong)時(shi)(shi)開(kai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)兩電機(ji)及(ji)壓縮(suo)空(kong)氣閥(fa)門(men)，開(kai)始(shi)除(chu)銹。這(zhe)時(shi)(shi)主傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)軸(zhou)的(de)活(huo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)滾(gun)珠軸(zhou)承支(zhi)撐在不銹鋼管(guan)(guan)里，這(zhe)個活(huo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)滾(gun)珠軸(zhou)承不管(guan)(guan)鋼管(guan)(guan)轉動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、移動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、前(qian)(qian)進或(huo)后退，它(ta)(ta)都可以四面八方隨著轉動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，而且當作傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)軸(zhou)的(de)一個支(zhi)點。管(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)再(zai)向前(qian)(qian)移動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)時(shi)(shi)，活(huo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)門(men)形支(zhi)架倒(dao)下，活(huo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)小(xiao)車靠管(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)的(de)前(qian)(qian)進推動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)它(ta)(ta)的(de)前(qian)(qian)進。除(chu)銹到頭時(shi)(shi)，手動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)卷揚機(ji)倒(dao)轉，管(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)后退，再(zai)次除(chu)一遍銹。這(zhe)一過程歷時(shi)(shi)約15分鐘(zhong)。


  采用離心式鋼管除銹(xiu)機可(ke)比人工、噴（拋）射除銹(xiu)提高工效5倍，并保證清除質量。不銹鋼管表面上動力工具不能達到(dao)的地方(fang)，可(ke)以用(yong)(yong)手(shou)動工具做補充處理。如(ru)果(guo)用(yong)(yong)沖擊式工具除(chu)銹時(shi)，不應造成鋼管的損傷；用(yong)(yong)旋轉(zhuan)式工具除(chu)銹時(shi)，不宜將表面磨得過光(guang)。