1. 不銹鋼(gang)焊接鋼(gang)管用途(tu)不同而分為如(ru)下標準。

2. 板焊管的選用。鋼板焊制不銹鋼管(板焊管)國內尚無標準,板焊管制造標準可暫參照ASTM A671《常溫和低溫用電熔焊鋼管》、ASTM A672《中溫和高壓用電熔焊鋼管》和ASTMA691《高溫和高壓用碳素鋼和合金鋼電熔焊鋼管》,或按照GB50235《工業金屬管道工程施工及驗收規范》和GB 50316《工業金屬管道設計規范》附錄的現場制造鋼板卷管的規定要求制造。或參照GB/T 9711.1《石油天然氣工業輸送鋼管 交貨技術條件第1部分:A級鋼管》。
3. 連續爐焊(han)(han)(han)(鍛焊(han)(han)(han))鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)、電阻(zu)焊(han)(han)(han)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)和(he)電弧焊(han)(han)(han)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)的(de)(de)選用(yong)(yong)。常用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)焊(han)(han)(han)接鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)根(gen)據(ju)其生產時采(cai)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)焊(han)(han)(han)接工藝(yi)不同可(ke)以分為:連續爐焊(han)(han)(han)(鍛焊(han)(han)(han))鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)、電阻(zu)焊(han)(han)(han)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)和(he)電弧焊(han)(han)(han)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)三種。
①. 連續爐(lu)焊(han)(鍛焊(han))鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管:連續爐(lu)焊(han)(鍛焊(han))鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管是在加(jia)熱(re)爐(lu)內對鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)帶(dai)進行加(jia)熱(re),然(ran)后對已成(cheng)型的邊緣采用(yong)機(ji)械加(jia)壓(ya)方(fang)法(fa)使其(qi)焊(han)接在一起而形成(cheng)的具有一條直縫的鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管。特點:生產效率高(gao),生產成(cheng)本(ben)低;但焊(han)縫質量差,綜合機(ji)械性(xing)能差。材(cai)料牌(pai)號:Q195A、Q215A、Q235A等3種。用(yong)途:適于設計溫(wen)度為0~100℃、設計壓(ya)力不超(chao)過0.6MPa的水和壓(ya)縮空氣(qi)系(xi)統。標準:GB/T 3091《流體輸(shu)送用(yong)焊(han)接鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管》。
②. 電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)焊(han)(han)鋼管(guan)(electric-resistance welded steel pipe):電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)焊(han)(han)鋼管(guan)是通過電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)焊(han)(han)或(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)感應焊(han)(han)焊(han)(han)接方法生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)的(de),帶有一(yi)條直焊(han)(han)縫(feng)的(de)鋼管(guan)。特點:生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)效率高(gao),自(zi)動化(hua)程度高(gao),焊(han)(han)后的(de)變形和(he)殘余應力(li)較小。設備投資高(gao),對(dui)焊(han)(han)接接頭(tou)的(de)質量要求(qiu)也比較高(gao)。由于(yu)接頭(tou)處(chu)難(nan)免有雜質存(cun)在,所以接頭(tou)塑性(xing)和(he)沖擊(ji)韌性(xing)較低。標準:SY/T 5038《普(pu)通流體輸送用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)螺旋縫(feng)高(gao)頻焊(han)(han)鋼管(guan)》,材料牌號(hao):Q195A、Q215A、Q235A等3種,用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)途:適用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)設計溫度≤200℃的(de)水、煤氣(qi)(qi)、空氣(qi)(qi)、采暖蒸汽(qi)等。標準:GB/T 9711.1《石(shi)油(you)天然氣(qi)(qi)工業輸送鋼管(guan)交貨(huo)技術條件》,材料牌號(hao):L175、L210,L245,L290,L320,L360,L450等15種,用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)途:石(shi)油(you)天然氣(qi)(qi)工業中(zhong)可(ke)燃(ran)流體和(he)非可(ke)燃(ran)流體(中(zhong)、低壓)。
③. 電(dian)(dian)(dian)弧焊(han)鋼(gang)(gang)管(electric-arc-welded steel pipe):電(dian)(dian)(dian)弧焊(han)鋼(gang)(gang)管是(shi)通(tong)過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)弧焊(han)焊(han)接方法生產的鋼(gang)(gang)管。特點:接頭達(da)到(dao)(dao)完(wan)全(quan)的冶金(jin)結合,接頭的機械(xie)性能(neng)能(neng)夠完(wan)全(quan)達(da)到(dao)(dao)或達(da)到(dao)(dao)母材(cai)(cai)的機械(xie)性能(neng)。在經(jing)過(guo)適當的熱處(chu)理和無(wu)損檢查之后,電(dian)(dian)(dian)弧焊(han)直縫鋼(gang)(gang)管的使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)條件可達(da)到(dao)(dao)無(wu)縫鋼(gang)(gang)管的使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)條件而取代之。螺(luo)旋縫鋼(gang)(gang)管材(cai)(cai)料牌(pai)號(hao):Q195、Q215、Q235等3種,用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)途(tu):適用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于設(she)計(ji)(ji)溫度(du)≤200℃的水、煤氣(qi)、空氣(qi)、采(cai)暖(nuan)蒸汽等;標(biao)準:SY/T 5037《普通(tong)流體(ti)(ti)輸送(song)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)螺(luo)旋縫埋弧焊(han)鋼(gang)(gang)管》,直縫鋼(gang)(gang)管材(cai)(cai)料牌(pai)號(hao):1Cr18Ni9、0Cr19Ni9、00Cr19Ni11、0Cr18Ni10Ti、0Cr17Ni12Mo2、00Cr17Ni14Mo2共12種(新版標(biao)準更新為新的牌(pai)號(hao)),用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)途(tu):設(she)計(ji)(ji)壓力(li)小于5.0MPa,焊(han)縫系數小于1.0時(shi),不(bu)宜用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于極度(du)或高度(du)危害(hai)介質;電(dian)(dian)(dian)弧焊(han)鋼(gang)(gang)管標(biao)準還有(you):GB12771《流體(ti)(ti)輸送(song)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)焊(han)接鋼(gang)(gang)管》,HG/T 50237.1~4《奧氏(shi)體(ti)(ti)不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)焊(han)接鋼(gang)(gang)管》。
4. 有縫焊接鋼(gang)管的特(te)點(dian)及有關標準。
①. 不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)焊(han)接(jie)(jie)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)也稱焊(han)管(guan)(guan),是(shi)(shi)用鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)板或鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)帶經過卷(juan)曲成型(xing)后焊(han)接(jie)(jie)制成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)。不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)焊(han)接(jie)(jie)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)工藝(yi)簡(jian)單,生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)效率高,品種(zhong)規格多(duo),但強度(du)(du)一般低于無縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)。20世紀30年(nian)代以來(lai)(lai),隨(sui)著優(you)質帶鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)連軋生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)迅速發(fa)展以及焊(han)接(jie)(jie)和(he)檢驗技術的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進步(bu),焊(han)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)質量不(bu)斷提(ti)高,焊(han)接(jie)(jie)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)品種(zhong)規格日益增多(duo),并在越來(lai)(lai)越多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)領域代替了無縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)。焊(han)接(jie)(jie)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)按焊(han)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形式(shi)分為直縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)焊(han)管(guan)(guan)和(he)螺(luo)旋焊(han)管(guan)(guan)。直縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)焊(han)管(guan)(guan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)工藝(yi)簡(jian)單,生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)效率高,成本低,發(fa)展較(jiao)快。螺(luo)旋焊(han)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)強度(du)(du)一般比(bi)直縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)焊(han)管(guan)(guan)高,能(neng)用較(jiao)窄的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)坯料生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)管(guan)(guan)徑較(jiao)大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)焊(han)管(guan)(guan),還(huan)可(ke)以用同樣寬(kuan)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)坯料生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)管(guan)(guan)徑不(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)焊(han)管(guan)(guan)。但是(shi)(shi)與(yu)相(xiang)同長(chang)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)直縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)管(guan)(guan)相(xiang)比(bi),焊(han)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)長(chang)度(du)(du)增加30%~100%,而(er)且生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)速度(du)(du)較(jiao)低。因(yin)此,較(jiao)小口徑的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)焊(han)管(guan)(guan)大(da)(da)(da)都采(cai)用直縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)焊(han),大(da)(da)(da)口徑焊(han)管(guan)(guan)則大(da)(da)(da)多(duo)采(cai)用螺(luo)旋焊(han)。
②. GB 50316《工業金屬(shu)管道設(she)計規(gui)范》規(gui)定:“現行國家標準GB/T 3092《低壓流(liu)(liu)體輸(shu)送用(yong)(yong)焊接鋼(gang)管》及GB/T 3091《低壓流(liu)(liu)體輸(shu)送用(yong)(yong)鍍(du)鋅焊接鋼(gang)管》中(zhong)的(de)加厚管子,可用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)設(she)計壓力小于(yu)(yu)等于(yu)(yu)1.6MPa和設(she)計溫度在0~200℃的(de)C類流(liu)(liu)體。普通(tong)厚度的(de)管子僅用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)D類流(liu)(liu)體。”
③. 有(you)(you)縫(feng)(feng)鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)通(tong)常用于低壓(ya)管(guan)(guan)(guan)路。小(xiao)直(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)的有(you)(you)縫(feng)(feng)鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)(公稱(cheng)直(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)10~150mm),常用作水、煤氣、空氣、低壓(ya)蒸汽及(ji)無侵(qin)蝕性流體的管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao),工作溫(wen)度范圍為(wei)0~200℃。大(da)直(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)的有(you)(you)縫(feng)(feng)鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)包括螺(luo)旋縫(feng)(feng)電焊(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(公稱(cheng)直(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)200~700mm)和直(zhi)縫(feng)(feng)電焊(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(公稱(cheng)直(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)200~1200mm)。工作溫(wen)度范圍因材料而異。

