管件在管系中起著改變走向、改變標高或改變直徑、封閉管端以及由主管上引出支管的作用。在石油化工裝置中管道品種多，管系復雜，形狀各異，簡繁不等，所用的管件品種、材質、數量也就很多，選用時需要考慮的因素也多，如圖16.21所示。一般按用途、連接方式、材料、加工方式分類。

一、按用途(tu)分類

  ①. 直管(guan)與直管(guan)連接： 有(you)活接頭、管(guan)箍。

  ②. 改變走向：有彎頭、彎管。

  ③. 分支：有三通、四通、承插焊管接頭、螺紋管接頭、加強管接頭，管箍、管嘴。

  ④. 改變管徑：有異徑管（大小頭）、異徑短節、異徑管箍、內外絲。

  ⑤. 封閉管端：有管帽、絲堵。

  ⑥. 其他：有螺紋短節、翻邊管接頭等。

二、按連接(jie)方式分類

   根據(ju)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)端部連(lian)接(jie)形(xing)式可將(jiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)分為對焊(han)連(lian)接(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)（簡稱(cheng)對焊(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)）、承插焊(han)連(lian)接(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)（簡稱(cheng)承插焊(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)）、螺紋(wen)(wen)(wen)連(lian)接(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)（簡稱(cheng)螺紋(wen)(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)）、法(fa)蘭連(lian)接(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)以(yi)及其他(ta)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。在石(shi)油化工裝置的配管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)設計中，常用的對焊(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、支管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)臺、承插焊(han)與(yu)(yu)螺紋(wen)(wen)(wen)連(lian)接(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的形(xing)式。法(fa)蘭管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)多(duo)用于(yu)特殊配管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)場合，使用范(fan)圍與(yu)(yu)數量相對比較(jiao)少。需要時可根據(ju)GB／T 17185《鋼(gang)制法(fa)蘭管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)》的規定(ding)選用。

三、按材料分類

   有碳素鋼管件、合金鋼管件、不銹鋼管件(jian)、塑料管件、橡膠管件、鑄鐵管件、鍛鋼管件等。

四、按(an)加工方式分

   有(you)無縫、焊接、鍛制(zhi)、鑄造。